INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AT DAIRY INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES USING CAVITATION EQUIPMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/2218-930012025331061Keywords:
biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, hydrodynamic cavitation, microbiological indicator, rotor-pulsation apparatus, wastewater of acidic milky wheyAbstract
The article considers the problems of neutralization concentrated milky whey wastewater. The actuality of the research caused by the difficulty of utilization of acidic milky whey wastewater due to its unstable composition, high acidity and significant microbial pollution, which resulted in a high biological oxygen demand. In addition, the high chemical oxygen demand, which reflects a significant organic load and creates a problem for treatment technologies and ecological danger. The authors analyzed traditional and innovative treatment technologies with an accent on the advantages and disadvantages of each. Based on the analyzed data, it has proposed to use hydrodynamic cavitation as an auxiliary intensifying method in the technologies of neutralization concentrated milky whey wastewater. To realize it, the authors proposed a specially designed device of rotary-pulsation type. In order to determine the feasibility of the proposed solution, it is formulated by the tasks of evaluating the change in the microbiological indicator, chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand under different treatment regimes. Also, determine the pattern of changes in temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration over the treatment time. According to the research results, the microbiological indicator of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms showed the most significant decrease from at 3600 rpm within 10 minutes of treatment. At the same time, the neutralization of coliform bacteria has achieved after 2 minutes of treatment. The biological oxygen demand value showed a maximum reduction of 30 % at 3600 rpm during a 20-minute treatment cycle. The chemical oxygen demand value for the same time showed a similar pattern of decrease by 40 % at a linear temperature rise. In other words, the treatment in the proposed type of rotor-pulsation apparatus can be considerate as auxiliary equipment in the technologies of neutralization of concentrated milky whey wastewater. Recirculation treatment for 20 minutes at 3600 rpm is consider as optimal.
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