TECHNOLOGIES AND HEAT EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT FOR TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF WASTEWATER FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Abstract

The article considers the problems of hydrosphere pollution in Ukraine, in particular, those related to the activities of thermal power plants. The main sources of discharges that arise during their operation are described, including wastewater from cooling systems, exhaust gas desulfurization systems, as well as water contaminated with petroleum products. The classification of wastewater, its features and consequences for the ecosystem emphasize the relevance of compliance with discharge standards and, depending on their types, allow you to choose a method for their purification and disposal. The article describes in detail the processes of purification of polluted waters with an emphasis on the use of unique methods and equipment, such as rotary aeration and oxidation plants, which increase the efficiency of purification by using the method of discrete-pulse energy input. The authors propose modern technologies for emulsifying watered liquid hydrocarbons, which provides the possibility of utilizing wastewater from thermal power plants contaminated with petroleum products. The analysis showed that the design of the rotor-pulsation apparatus unit implements intensive homogenization and emulsification of the treated system. The processes of combustion of water-fuel emulsions are also considered, which allows reducing emissions of pollutants. The results of the study indicate the possibility of significantly reducing the negative impact on the environment due to effective wastewater treatment to maximum allowable concentrations of harmful substances in water bodies. The conducted studies allow making the right choice of treatment or disposal technology, their treatment mode depending on the type of wastewater, which will ensure compliance with environmental standards to ensure the purity of water resources of Ukraine.