THE HYDRATION THEORY OF STABILITY AQUEOUS COLLOIDO-DISPERSION SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/2218-93001522014137582Keywords:
aqueous solution, electric charge, colloidal-dispersion system, theory of resistanceAbstract
The proposed hydration theory of stability aqueous colloidal-dispersion systems as an alternative to the theory of the electrical double layer. Modern ideas of the structure and conductivity of water led to the conclusion that dissolved substances, including strong electrolytes, not spontaneously decompose into ions. Dissociation of molecules of the dissolved substance into ions is carried out only during chemical interaction with water clusters and products of their interaction. Since in the aqueous solution (the dispersing medium) free ions do not exist, that also can\'t be formed double electronic layer (DEL) around the colloido-dispersion phase (micelles).
In the dispersing medium (water) molecules of the dissolved substance and suspended colloidal particles stay in the hydrated state. The stability of colloidal systems "solid phase - water" should be considered from a position of hydration balance in system " particle - water", considering the interaction as part with water clusters, and the last among themselves.
Electric charge of particles and in general ionization of molecules in aqueous systems is determined by the proton-electron interaction in the dispersion medium and occurrence of electrostatic charge during Brownian motion of particles. Between the particles operate intermolecular forces of Van der Waals and forces of chemical bonds, that occur during chemical reaction.
The reason of all chemical interactions is predominantly a hydration shell, which is formed around the molecules of the dissolved substance and colloido-dispersion particles. Especially intensive flow the chemical reactions at the phase boundary "hydrated particle - dispersion medium (water)". On this interaction have an impact the various physical, physico-chemical and physico-mechanical impacts, especially low intensity (change the hydrodynamic regime of water movement, mechano-chemical and physical impacts, changes of temperature and pressure, electric and magnetic fields, ultraviolet and ionizing radiation, etc.). Especially strongly influence dissolved gases (in particular oxygen) and strong electrolytes.
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